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Artículo de revisión
Available online 9 August 2024
Válvula aórtica cuadricúspide: una revisión de la literatura
Quadricuspid aortic valve: A review of the literature
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Danilo Weir-Restrepoa,
Corresponding author
danilowere@gmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, María Antonia Mesa-Mayaa,b, María Isabel Carvajal-Vélezc, Pedro Abad-Díazc,d, Laura Duque-Gonzáleze
a Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad CES, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
b Departamento de Cardiología, Universidad CES, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
c Departamento de Radiología - Imágenes Cardiovasculares, Ayudas diagnósticas SURA, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
d Departamento de Radiología, Universidad CES, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
e Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital San Vicente Fundación, Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia
This item has received
Received 21 April 2024. Accepted 16 July 2024
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Resumen

La válvula aórtica cuadricúspide (VAC) es un defecto congénito cardiaco raro que consiste en la presencia de 4 cúspides en la estructura valvular aórtica y se asocia de manera frecuente a otros defectos congénitos cardiacos. Usualmente los pacientes son asintomáticos; sin embargo, cuando esta condición se asocia a trastornos funcionales como regurgitación o estenosis aórtica, las manifestaciones clínicas son evidentes y el diagnóstico definitivo se realiza usando diferentes técnicas de imagen cardiaca, como ecocardiografía, tomografía cardiaca y resonancia nuclear magnética.

El tratamiento de esta condición depende del estado funcional valvular de la válvula aórtica, y bajo esta premisa se define la indicación de tratamiento quirúrgico. El pronóstico en general es favorable, y también depende del compromiso funcional de la válvula.

Palabras clave:
Válvula aórtica cuadricúspide
Cardiopatía congénita
Insuficiencia aórtica
Enfermedad valvular
Válvula aórtica
Abreviatura:
VAC
Abstract

The quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is a rare congenital heart defect characterized by the presence of 4 cusps in the aortic valve structure. It is frequently associated with other congenital heart defects. Patients are usually asymptomatic, but when this condition is associated with functional disorders such as aortic regurgitation or stenosis, clinical manifestations are evident. The final diagnosis is made using different cardiac imaging techniques such as echocardiography, cardiac tomography, and nuclear magnetic resonance.

The treatment of this condition depends on the functionality of the aortic valve, and accordingly will be the indication for surgical treatment. The prognosis is generally favorable and depends on the functional compromise of the valve.

Keywords:
Quadricuspid aortic valve
Congenital heart disease
Aortic regurgitation
Valvular disease
Aortic valve

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