Suggestions
Idioma
Publish in this journal
Journal Information
Share
Download PDF
More article options
ePub
Visits
...
Original article
Available online 21 January 2026
Clinical value of routine 24-h Holter monitoring in the follow-up of patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1
Valor clínico de la monitorización Holter rutinaria de 24 horas en el seguimiento de pacientes con distrofia miotónica tipo 1
Visits
64
Ana Sofia Nogueira Fernandes
Corresponding author
anasnfernandes@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Mónica Patrícia Silva Dias, Inês Da Cunha Macedo Conde, Filipe Xavier Silva Vilela, Carla Rafaela Oliveira Ferreira, Jorge Manuel Gomes Sousa Marques, Sérgia Andreia Alves Rodrigues Da Rocha Costa
Serviço de Cardiologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
This item has received
Received 12 September 2025. Accepted 23 December 2025
Article information
Abstract
Full Text
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Abstract
Introduction and objectives

Myotonic dystrophy (DM1) is a hereditary neuromuscular disorder frequently associated with progressive and silent cardiac involvement. Current guidelines recommend regular 24-h Holter monitoring for early detection of arrhythmias and conduction disturbances. We aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of routine Holter monitoring in detecting de novo findings in asymptomatic DM1 patients and its impact on clinical management.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective single-centre study including all adult patients with genetically confirmed DM1 who underwent 24-h Holter monitoring between January 2013 and September 2023. Holter findings were compared with standard cardiac screening based on symptoms and ECG. De novo findings were defined as rhythm or conduction disturbances not detected by routine clinical assessment.

Results

Forty-six patients were included (52.2% male, mean age 48.0±10.0 years), with a mean follow-up of 70.5±35.3 months. All were asymptomatic. Across the cohort, 144 Holter recordings were analysed, with an average of 3.1±1.7 per patient. Abnormal findings were present in 31 patients (67.4%), mainly atrioventricular conduction disorders (80.6%), including first- and second-degree atrioventricular block, atrial fibrillation/flutter, and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Among these, 23 (74.2%) had de novo findings, with therapeutic implications in 5 patients (10.9%).

Conclusions

Routine Holter monitoring frequently reveals clinically silent arrhythmias and conduction disturbances in asymptomatic DM1 patients, with a meaningful impact on management in a subset of patients. These findings support its integration into structured follow-up protocols and highlight the need for prospective studies to optimise screening strategies.

Keywords:
Myotonic dystrophy type 1
Cardiac monitoring
Holter monitoring
Arrhythmic risk
Sudden cardiac death
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

La distrofia miotónica (DM1) es un trastorno neuromuscular hereditario que suele acompañarse de afección cardiaca progresiva. Las guías vigentes recomiendan el seguimiento periódico con Holter de 24 horas para la detección precoz de arritmias y alteraciones de la conducción. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la utilidad clínica de la monitorización Holter rutinaria para detectar hallazgos en pacientes asintomáticos con DM1 y su impacto en el tratamiento clínico.

Métodos

Estudio retrospectivo unicéntrico que incluyó a todos los pacientes adultos con DM1 confirmada genéticamente sometidos a monitorización Holter de 24 horas entre enero de 2013 y septiembre de 2023. Los hallazgos del Holter se compararon con el cribado cardiaco estándar basado en los síntomas y el ECG. Los hallazgos de novo se definieron como alteraciones del ritmo o de la conducción no detectadas por la evaluación clínica rutinaria.

Resultados

Se incluyó a 46 pacientes (52,2% varones, edad media 48,0±10,0 años), con un seguimiento medio de 70,5±35,3 meses, todos asintomáticos. Se analizaron 144 registros Holter, con una media de 3,1±1,7 por paciente. Se observaron hallazgos anormales en 31 pacientes (67,4%), principalmente trastornos de la conducción auriculoventricular (80,6%), incluido bloqueo auriculoventricular de primer y segundo grado, fibrilación/aleteo auricular y taquicardia ventricular no sostenida. Entre ellos, 23 (74,2%) presentaban hallazgos de novo, con implicaciones terapéuticas en 5 pacientes (10,9%).

Conclusiones

La monitorización Holter rutinaria revela suele revelar arritmias clínicamente silenciosas y alteraciones de la conducción en pacientes con DM1 asintomáticos, lo que tiene un impacto significativo en el tratamiento de un subgrupo de pacientes. Estos hallazgos respaldan su integración en protocolos de seguimiento estructurados y la necesidad de estudios prospectivos para optimizar las estrategias de cribado.

Palabras clave:
Distrofia miotónica tipo 1
Monitorización cardiaca
Monitorización Holter
Riesgo arrítmico
Muerte súbita cardiaca

Article

These are the options to access the full texts of the publication REC: CardioClinics
Member
Socios SEC
Use datos de acceso a SEC en el menú Acceder.
Si es socio de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología y no puede acceder con sus claves, escriba a rec@cardioclinics.org.
Members of SEC
Use the Society's website login and password here.
If you are member of SEC and you have some problems with your login data, please contact with rec@cardioclinics.org.
Subscriber
Subscriber

If you already have your login data, please click here .

If you have forgotten your password you can you can recover it by clicking here and selecting the option “I have forgotten my password”
Subscribe
Subscribe to
REC: CardioClinics
Purchase
Purchase article

Purchasing article the PDF version will be downloaded

Price 19.34 €

Purchase now
Contact
Phone for subscriptions and reporting of errors
From Monday to Friday from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. (GMT + 1) except for the months of July and August which will be from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Calls from Spain
932 415 960
Calls from outside Spain
+34 932 415 960
Email
Idiomas
REC: CardioClinics
Article options