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Original article
Available online 29 May 2026
Impact of depressive symptoms on quality of life in patients with heart failure
Impacto de los síntomas depresivos en la calidad de vida en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca
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214
Adriana Milena Jurado-Arenalesa, Maribel Rojas-Caballeroa, Diana Ortegaa, Angie Yarlady Serrano-Garcíaa, Alexandra Hurtado-Ortizb,
Corresponding author
, Maricel Licht-Ardilab, Edgar Fabián Manrique-Hernándezb, Luis Eduardo Echeverría-Correaa
a Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Hospital Internacional de Colombia (HIC), Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia (FCV), Fundación Universitaria FCV, Santander, Colombia
b Departamento de Epidemiología, Hospital Internacional de Colombia (HIC), Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia (FCV), Fundación Universitaria FCV, Santander, Colombia
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Abstract
Introduction and objectives

Depression is highly prevalent in patients with heart failure (HF) and is a major determinant of poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Evidence on its impact during hospitalization, a period of heightened clinical and emotional vulnerability, is limited. The objective was to determine the association between in-hospital depressive symptoms, measured by the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, and HRQoL, assessed using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), in patients hospitalized for acute decompensated HF.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 4673 adults hospitalized for HF in a referral center, between June 1, 2022, and August 30, 2025. Depressive symptoms and HRQoL were assessed using validated scales. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were collected. Multivariable linear regression evaluated the independent association of depressive symptoms with MLHFQ scores, adjusting for relevant covariates. Logistic regression explored predictors of depressive symptoms.

Results

Patients with depressive symptoms had worse HRQoL (MLHFQ 43 [IQR 32–53] vs 33 [IQR 21–44]; P<.001). Each 1-point increase in Zung score increased MLHFQ by 5.86 points (95%CI, 1.70–10.01; P=.006). NYHA class, longer stay, and lower ejection fraction were also associated with poorer HRQoL. Higher MLHFQ (OR, 1.03; P<.001), creatinine (OR, 1.14; P=.004), and no partner (OR, 1.53; P=.041) increased odds of depression, while dyslipidemia decreased odds (OR, 0.37; P=.018).

Conclusions

Depressive symptoms are independently associated with poorer quality of life in hospitalized HF patients. Systematic detection and integrated psychosocial management should complement biomedical care to enhance patient-centered outcomes.

Keywords:
Heart failure
Quality of life
Depression
Patient-reported outcome measures
Hospitalization
Abbreviations:
HF
HRQoL
IQR
LVEF
MLHFQ
NYHA
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

La depresión es altamente prevalente en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) y constituye un determinante importante de peor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS). La evidencia sobre su impacto durante la hospitalización, un periodo de mayor vulnerabilidad clínica y emocional, es limitada. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la asociación entre síntomas depresivos intrahospitalarios, medidos con la escala de depresión autoaplicada de Zung, y la CVRS, evaluada mediante el Minnesota Living with Heart Failure (MLHFQ), en pacientes hospitalizados por IC descompensada.

Métodos

Análisis transversal de 4.673 adultos hospitalizados por IC en un centro de referencia, entre el 1 de junio de 2022 y el 30 de agosto de 2025. Se evaluaron síntomas depresivos y CVRS con escalas validadas. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y de laboratorio. La regresión lineal multivariable analizó la asociación independiente entre síntomas depresivos y puntuaciones del MLHFQ, ajustando por covariables relevantes. La regresión logística exploró predictores de depresión.

Resultados

Los pacientes con síntomas depresivos presentaron peor CVRS (MLHFQ 43 [RIC 32–53] frente a 33 [RIC 21–44]; p<0,001). Cada aumento de un punto en la escala de Zung incrementó el MLHFQ en 5,86 puntos (IC95%, 1,70–10,01; p=0,006). La clase NYHA, mayor estancia y menor fracción de eyección también se asociaron con peor CVRS. Mayor MLHFQ (OR, 1,03; p<0,001), creatinina (OR, 1,14; p=0,004) y ausencia de pareja (OR, 1,53; p=0,041) aumentaron la probabilidad de depresión, mientras que la dislipidemia la redujo (OR, 0,37; p=0,018).

Conclusiones

Los síntomas depresivos se asocian independientemente con peor calidad de vida en pacientes hospitalizados por IC. La detección sistemática y el abordaje psicosocial deben complementar la atención biomédica.

Palabras clave:
Insuficiencia cardiaca
Calidad de vida
Depresión
Medidas de resultados Comunicados por el paciente
Hospitalización

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